Which protection device is specifically designed for lightning strikes?

The lightning arrester or surge diverter is specifically designed to protect structures and electrical systems from the damaging effects of lightning strikes. When lightning occurs, a surge of electrical energy can travel through power lines and cause significant damage to electrical components and devices. The lightning arrester functions by diverting this excess electrical surge to the ground, thereby preventing it from reaching sensitive equipment and structures.

In contrast, other protection devices listed serve different purposes. An earth leakage circuit breaker is primarily designed to prevent electric shock by detecting leaks in current to the ground and disconnecting the circuit. Circuit breakers serve to protect electrical circuits from overloads and short circuits, while fuses provide a similar overload protection by melting to break the circuit when excessive current flows through. These devices do not specifically address the unique and high-energy surges associated with lightning strikes, making the lightning arrester the most appropriate choice for lightning protection.